The narrative bucks the classical Hollywood film model outlined in David Bordwell’s “Classical Hollywood Cinema: Narrational Principles and Procedures.” Traditionally, the classical narrative has “psychologically defined individuals who struggle to solve a clear-cut problem or to attain specific goals.” The story ends with a resolution of the conflict, a clear victory or defeat and clear achievement or failure of attaining the film’s main goals. I would argue that none of this holds true for Cinema Paradiso. This movie, for me, was more about the experience and the journey than the attainment of goals.
Clearly, the town movie house, Cinema Paradiso, is the structure around which the all the action is anchored. Yes, Toto is the protagonist, but the movie would lose the loose narrative thread it has and collapse if Cinema Paradiso was removed. And, as the protagonist, Toto has no overarching goal. Sure, there are mini goals along the way: convince Alfredo to teach him how to be a projectionist and win the heart of Elena are the two that come to mind. But neither of these are the main focus of the plot. The only goal Alfredo seems to have is to keep Toto from turning into himself, but even that goal fades in-and-out; it is not a consistent focus like you would see in a classical Hollywood film. The main focus and “goal” of Toto, Alfredo and all the townspeople is to go to Cinema Paradiso each night and see as many movies as possible.
Another huge element of classical Hollywood cinema that is missing in Cinema Paradiso is the idea of a deadline. Deadlines normally drive the narrative, and the climax centers around the achievement or failure to meet the deadline. In fact, Alfredo takes a direct jab at the idea of a deadline when he tells Toto his story about a man who waited under a princess’s window. The princess instructed him to wait there 100 days, but the man inexplicably left on the 99th night, and Alfredo had no idea why. This is the writers poking fun at the idea that all things in film must be deadline-oriented. Evidently, in their opinion, this idea is ludicrous. Regardless, it was enjoyable to watch a film that broke from the traditional Hollywood mold.
Along more thematic lines, the Hollywood idea of love is also different in this film. The main “love story,” per say, is that between the people (mainly Toto, but the whole town participated as well) and the films shown in Cinema Paradiso. Toto was absolutely enthralled by film when he was a boy; he collected the discarded scrapes of film like they were precious gems. The filmmaker demonstrates this to us not through words (Toto never says "I love film!") but through actions. For example, there are several close-up shots of Toto's face with his eyes wide and mouth hanging open in a smile as he stares out at us. But, thanks to the beam of light from the film projection room behind him, we realize he is not staring at us, but staring at the movie screen.
It was this love for film that brought Toto and Alfredo together. Their love is of the father-son type; Toto’s father died in the war, and Alfredo never had children. There is a third love plotline, the one between Toto and Elena, and this one is tragic. It is as if Elena is his one true love (an opinion I don’t subscribe to in real life) and when he loses her, he loses the capability to love again. His mother has picked up on this – she tells him at the end that she realizes that every time she calls, there is a different woman in his bed. At the end, though, his true love for Alfredo and the movies returns with the montage of love scenes that Alfredo has been forced to edit out of movies years before.
Cinema Paradiso evokes a lot of conflicting emotions at the end. Nostalgia is a major buzzword for this movie, and the way it is treated changes throughout. One filmic element the director employs is the simple, childlike melody that plays throughout the film. There are no words to pollute its purity, only a simple melody line that could have been lifted from a child's lullaby. Alfredo, however, speaks of nostalgia like it is a temptation to be avoided at all costs; he tells Toto when he leaves to never think of the people of the community of Giancaldo and to never come back. Alfr
edo even goes to the extreme as to tell Toto’s mother not to tell him that he died so he won’t come back. And when Toto does come back, he definitely wrestles with nostalgia, but he does not give into it and let the past become a crutch for him. We see his mental struggle in the scene where he revisits his old bedroom. With the simple melody in the background and the close-ups on him tenderly feeling his childhood possessions, it is conveyed to us that he is enjoying thinking about his past. But by not stepping in and saving the condemned theater (he clearly had the money to do so if he wanted), he kept his word to Alfredo and did not let his past hold him back. Nevertheless, the love he once shared with Alfredo and film survives even though that time period is long gone.We can all feel nostalgic when watching this movie. The idea of wondering through life not strapped to a deadline with a childlike innocence can remind everyone of a time when their life was peaceful and more enjoyable. It also speaks to the power as film as a medium; it has the ability to transport us to another place and time even though we have not physically moved anywhere. We can all travel back to our own Cinema Paradiso, even if it is only for two hours.
